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Documented examples

Each record describes something a country built that the indicators do not capture. The source provides the published number; the mechanism is our interpretation.

Scores describe outcomes. These records describe how a country acted, what it needed and what happened. 863 of 863 records include a mechanism. They do not affect scores.

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6 of 863 deliveries

Coordination

1 delivery linked to Public-private collaboration.

Namibiasince 2017still operatingbears on Public-private collaboration

Renewable Energy Feed-in Tariff (REFIT) independent power producers

NamPower, the state utility, contracted 14 private renewable producers of 5 MW each under the REFIT programme, the first three were commissioned by June 2017, and in the year to June 2025 all 14 plants operated and supplied 183.2 GWh, 7.4 percent of the units Namibia put into its grid.

183.2 GWh, energy supplied by refit independent power producers, 2025. 7.4 % of units into system, refit share of total units into the system, 2025. NamPower, Integrated Annual Report 2025 (financial year to 30 June 2025), retrieved 2026-10-17.

The move, and what it needed

The Ministry of Mines and Energy, the Electricity Control Board and NamPower reserved 70 MW for small private renewable plants, licensed 14 producers at 5 MW each, and NamPower signed 25-year power purchase agreements at a set tariff, so private capital built generation the utility had not financed itself.

Preconditions

  • A creditworthy single buyer able to sign long-term purchase agreements
  • A regulator that issues generation licences to non-utility producers
  • Solar resource strong enough for small plants to pay back at a fixed tariff

Limits: The figure is the state utility reporting on its own purchases, inside a 264-page PDF (page 104 carries the REFIT sentence, page 125 the 70 MW contracted capacity). The programme is small: 70 MW in a system with a maximum demand of 670 MW, and Namibia still imported 48 percent of its electricity in the same year, so the REFIT plants did not change the country's supply position. The share fell from 7.7 percent in 2024 to 7.4 percent in 2025, which the report attributes to no loss of plants. The programme was a fixed tariff paid to 14 licensees, not a competitive procurement, and the 5 MW cap per plant and the 30 percent previously disadvantaged ownership rule were policy choices whose cost the record does not show. The 2017 start year comes from a newspaper report of the first three commissionings, not from NamPower.

Learning

1 delivery linked to Adult learning participation.

Namibiasince 1998still operatingbears on Adult learning participation

NAMCOL secondary education programme for out-of-school learners

The Namibian College of Open Learning, a state-owned distance education college, registered 27,242 learners in its Grade 11 and 12 secondary programme in 2025, against a peak of 30,999 in 2017 and a low of 23,258 in 2022.

27,242 learners, learners enrolled in namcol secondary education programmes (nssco and nsscas), 2025. 30,999 learners, same count at its peak year, 2017. Namibian College of Open Learning (NAMCOL), Statistical Digest 2024/25, section 2 Learner enrolment, Figures 1 to 3, retrieved 2026-10-02.

The move, and what it needed

The state set up a distance-learning college that lets anyone who left school without the senior secondary certificate register for individual subjects, study from printed and online materials and attend weekend tutorials at centres across the regions, then sit the national examinations.

Preconditions

  • A national examination that any registered candidate can sit regardless of age
  • A network of tutorial centres in schools used after hours
  • Public subsidy keeping per-subject fees low

Limits: NAMCOL reports on itself. The numbers are read off charts in a PDF laid out as two-page spreads: the 2025 total and the 2010 to 2025 trend (Figure 3) are on PDF page 15 (printed pages 28 to 29). The digest publishes no age profile, so the record cannot show how many learners are adults rather than young people repeating Grade 11 or 12 after leaving school; NAMCOL's secondary programme is a second-chance route and many of its learners are in their late teens and early twenties, so this is the weak point of the record for an adult learning indicator. Learners take an average of about two subjects, part-time, so a registration is not full-time study. The digest attributes the 2018 to 2022 fall, sharpest in 2022 at 17.7 percent, to curriculum changes, and enrolment has risen each year since; 2025 is still 12 percent below the 2017 peak, which is why the peak is carried but the status is operating, not eroded. TVET enrolment at NAMCOL is small (327 in 2025) and is not included. The 1998 start is the year the digest's foreword dates the publication series from; NAMCOL was created by an Act of 1997.

Experimentation

1 delivery linked to Firms through regulatory sandboxes.

Namibiasince 2023still operatingbears on Firms through regulatory sandboxes

NAMFISA Regulatory Sandbox, microlending cohort

Namibia's non-bank financial regulator NAMFISA launched its Regulatory Sandbox in May 2023, received 10 applications for its first, microlending cohort, and had admitted three participants (ReferredBy Financial Solutions, Ergo Analytics trading as Verime, and the microlender Express Credit) with a fourth application under review by its 2025 annual report.

3 firms, participants admitted to the namfisa regulatory sandbox (cumulative), 2025. 10 applications, applications received for the first (microlending) cohort, 2024. Namibia Financial Institutions Supervisory Authority (NAMFISA), Annual Report 2025, retrieved 2026-10-02.

The move, and what it needed

The non-bank supervisor opens industry-specific cohorts, admits licensed firms and start-ups to test a product under supervision where current legislation would not otherwise allow it, and feeds what it learns into regulation, with a FinTech Square event as its engagement channel.

Preconditions

  • A supervisor with power to grant conditions or exemptions to the entities it licenses
  • A cohort design narrow enough for a small supervisory team to monitor
  • A pipeline of local fintech applicants, here built partly through the FinTech Square events

Where else it has been used: NAMFISA plans to re-establish the sandbox under the Financial Institutions and Markets Act (FIMA) once it commences; the Bank of Namibia runs a parallel framework for banking and payments with no published participant count.

Limits: NAMFISA is reporting on its own programme. Both figures are inside PDFs: the three admitted participants and the fourth applicant are on printed pages 87 to 88 of the Annual Report 2025 (PDF page 100), with the same count in the risk section ('three active participants and a fourth in an advanced stage'); the 10 applications are in the Annual Report 2024 (printed page 81, PDF page 48, https://www.namfisa.com.na/download/annual-report-2024/), whose chart of successful against unsuccessful applications prints labels that cannot be read reliably as counts, so the record does not use it. The reporting year ends 31 March 2025, but the text calls the third participant 'recently admitted', so the asOf is the report year, not a day. The same report's division summary for the Market Conduct and Operations function says that in the first cohort two participants were actively regulated and monitored during 2024/25, which fits the third, Express Credit, being admitted late in the year and still in mobilisation. The count is cumulative admissions over about two years, not admissions in one year, and no firm is reported as having completed or exited the sandbox; the 2024 report notes one selected entity whose start was delayed for market readiness. Three firms in a population of about three million is small, and it covers only the non-bank sector NAMFISA supervises: the Bank of Namibia's separate FinTech innovation framework publishes no participant count and is not included. A second cohort for crowdfunding and peer-to-peer lending closed applications on 23 February 2026 with no admissions published yet.

Adaptability

2 deliveries linked to Institutional responsiveness, Disaster preparedness and recovery.

Namibiasince 2020delivered and closedbears on Institutional responsiveness

Emergency Income Grant, the 2020 COVID-19 cash payment

Namibia's government paid a once-off Emergency Income Grant to 769,000 Namibians in 2020, at a cost of N$560 million, as part of its COVID-19 stimulus and relief package.

769,000 people, recipients of the emergency income grant, 2020. 560 million Namibian dollars, government spending on the emergency income grant, 2020. Government of Namibia, Voluntary National Review on the SDGs 2021, published by the UN High-Level Political Forum, retrieved 2026-10-16.

The move, and what it needed

The Ministry of Finance created a once-off N$750 grant for adults aged 18 to 60 who had lost income and received no other social grant, and paid it with the Social Security Commission through the banking system.

Preconditions

  • National identity numbers that could be checked against other registers
  • Wide mobile phone and banking or e-wallet reach
  • Fiscal room to fund a payment to a large share of the adult population at once

Limits: The government reports on its own programme, and both numbers are rounded figures in a review document (printed page 6 of the PDF), not an audited payment series. The review gives no date for the payments, so the record shows scale and not speed. The grant was a single payment of N$750, so it shows that the state could stand up a new payment for people outside the existing grants, not that it changed a standing programme. The Auditor-General audited the grant as part of a COVID-19 audit, and that report was not found at an open URL. The record carries no measure of exclusion, error or fraud, and no outcome for the households that received it.

Namibiasince 2019delivered and closedbears on Disaster preparedness and recovery

Drought relief programme 2019/20

Namibia's Office of the Prime Minister coordinated a N$595.2 million drought relief programme in 2019/20, after the President declared a State of Emergency: National Disaster (Drought) with effect from 6 May 2019, providing monthly food to 172,000 households and funding boreholes through the regional councils, livestock fodder and seed.

172,000 households, households receiving monthly food provision, FY2019/20. 595.2 million Namibia dollars, funding of the drought relief programme, FY2019/20. Office of the Prime Minister, Motivation for Vote 02 on the Appropriation Bill 2020, National Assembly of Namibia, retrieved 2026-10-16.

The move, and what it needed

After the President declared a drought emergency, the Office of the Prime Minister pooled budget transfers, a Ministry of Finance contingency provision and donations in the National Emergency Disaster Fund, bought food for registered households and transferred water money to the regional councils for borehole work.

Preconditions

  • A disaster law under which a national emergency can be declared and emergency funds released
  • A crop and household vulnerability assessment that sizes the response
  • Regional councils able to contract borehole drilling and installation quickly

Limits: The figures come from the Prime Minister's budget motivation to the National Assembly, which is the programme's own account and not an audit; they sit in a scanned PDF on pages 2 to 4. The household count is a target served monthly, not a verified count of distributions, and food provision accounted for N$124.8 million of the spending while water infrastructure took N$249.8 million. The document gives no measure of outcomes such as food insecurity or livestock losses avoided, and it shows a response after the drought arrived, not preparation before it. Funding mixed government transfers with donations, a Ministry of Finance contingency provision and African Development Bank financing of agriculture ministry programmes, so not every dollar was the government's own. The emergency date comes from the Prime Minister's motivation of the President's declaration to the National Assembly on 7 May 2019.

Building

1 delivery linked to Large project delivery.

Namibiasince 2006delivered and closedbears on Large project delivery

Rundu-Elundu trunk road upgrade, built late and over budget

Namibia's Roads Authority paved the 370 km Rundu-Elundu road through northern Namibia at 142 percent of its originally planned cost, and construction took 68 months against a planned 46, finishing in March 2012 instead of May 2010.

142 % of planned cost, actual project cost as a share of the originally planned cost (jpy 18,243 million against a comparable plan of jpy 12,846 million), 2013. 148 % of planned period, actual construction period as a share of plan (68 months, august 2006 to march 2012, against 46 months to may 2010), 2012. Japan International Cooperation Agency, FY2015 Ex-Post Evaluation of Japanese ODA Loan, Rundu-Elundu Road Upgrading Project (external evaluator, OPMAC Corporation), retrieved 2026-10-16.

The move, and what it needed

The Roads Authority upgraded a gravel trunk road to asphalt under a concessional Japanese loan, with two civil works packages let to foreign contractors and supervision by a Namibian consultant. A cost estimate fixed two years before the loan, a late loan effectuation and a shortage of local raw materials turned a 46-month build into 68 months and pushed the cost to 142 percent of plan.

Preconditions

  • A road agency able to tender and supervise long rural packages
  • A cost estimate refreshed for materials prices before the loan is signed
  • A domestic supply of aggregate and other raw materials large enough for the construction programme

Limits: The figures are read from a PDF written by an external evaluator for the lender that financed the road, from documents the lender and the Roads Authority supplied; no Namibian audit of the project was found that opens without restriction. The 142 percent is the evaluator's own comparison after removing land-mine clearance and administrative items from the plan, and the overrun is in yen at nominal prices, so part of it is the 2004 to 2006 materials price rise the plan never included. The 148 percent uses construction completion; on the appraisal definition, which counts the warranty period, the project ran 80 months against 53. The road was built to its planned length, so the result stands, but traffic in the first year after completion reached only about 70 percent of the appraisal target, and the evaluator found the maintenance budget below the appropriate level. One donor-financed road says little about Namibia's wider project portfolio, and the large state builds of the period, the Neckartal Dam and the Mass Housing programme, have no comparable public cost-against-plan account.