Documented examples

Each record describes something a country built that the indicators do not capture. The source provides the published number; the mechanism is our interpretation.

Scores describe outcomes. These records describe how a country acted, what it needed and what happened. 863 of 863 records include a mechanism. They do not affect scores.

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SearchCountryCapabilityStatusWith a mechanism8 of 863 deliveries

Anticipation

1 delivery linked to Government foresight capacity.

Egyptsince 1985still operatingbears on Government foresight capacity

Cabinet Information and Decision Support Center (IDSC), Afaq Mostaqbaliya

Egypt's Information and Decision Support Center, attached to the Cabinet since 1985 and naming foresight of the future in its mission, published six annual issues of Afaq Mostaqbaliya (Futuristic Prospects), a publication that foresees the main expected political, economic, social and technological trends at global, regional and local level, from January 2021 to January 2026.

6 issues, issues of the annual foresight publication afaq mostaqbaliya, 2021-01 to 2026-01. Information and Decision Support Center, Egyptian Cabinet, periodic publications listing (site API), retrieved 2026-10-17.

The move, and what it needed

The Prime Minister's office keeps a decision support centre that, among its research and data work, convenes domestic and foreign experts once a year to publish a forecast of the main trends for the coming year.

Preconditions

A centre-of-government research body that has survived successive governments since 1985
A head of the centre who sits as an assistant to the Prime Minister
A pool of outside experts willing to contribute each year

Limits: The centre reports on itself. The count is the `count` field the centre's own API returns for the publication (id 21); the reader page, https://idsc.gov.eg/PeriodicPublications, renders the same list with JavaScript, and the issue dates (issue 1 January 2021, issue 6 January 2026) come from the issue list the same API returns for that id. Each issue looks one year ahead at about ten expected trends, so this is horizon scanning on a short horizon, not long-range scenarios, and outside experts write much of it. The centre is a broad information and decision support body that also runs data, indicators, surveys and public policy journals, so the publication is one task among many, and no dedicated foresight unit, budget or staff figure was read. The founding year and the mission statement come from the centre's about page, served by the same API (StaticContentAPI/Details?StaticContentId=3). Started is 1985, the year the centre was founded; the foresight publication starts in 2021, and nothing read shows an issue entering a Cabinet decision.

Coordination

2 deliveries linked to Public-private collaboration, University-industry collaboration.

Egyptsince 2015delivered and closedbears on Public-private collaboration

Renewable energy feed-in tariff programme and Benban

Egypt's Ministry of Electricity and Renewable Energy took private sector-owned renewable generation from 0 MW in October 2015 to 1,500 MW at financial closure by the end of FY2017/18 under its feed-in tariff programme, with about US$2 billion of private investment, much of it in the Benban solar park.

1,500 MW, private sector-owned renewable energy capacity reaching financial closure, FY2017/18 (reported at June 2019). World Bank, Implementation Completion and Results Report, Egypt First, Second and Third Fiscal Consolidation, Sustainable Energy and Competitiveness Programmatic DPF, retrieved 2026-10-02.

The move, and what it needed

The Ministry of Electricity and Renewable Energy legislated a renewable energy law in 2014, set a feed-in tariff by cabinet decree, licensed private developers through the regulator and allocated land in one desert park, Benban, so many small IPPs could share grid connection and permitting.

Preconditions

A power deficit (5,540 MW in FY15) that made new private capacity politically urgent
A state offtaker whose payment risk international guarantors were willing to cover
Desert land under state control with high irradiation, allocated as one park

Limits: The indicator was softened mid-programme: DPF1 asked for 1,500 MW commissioned, and DPF2 redefined it as 1,500 MW at financial closure, so the number shows contracts financed, not plants generating, and the ICR's statement that Benban was then the world's fourth-largest solar plant sits in a footnote that says it 'promises' capacity. Most developers and lenders were foreign, and the deal flow leaned on IFC debt (US$653 million) and MIGA risk insurance (US$210 million), so how much of the collaboration was the Egyptian state's own capacity and how much was World Bank Group de-risking cannot be separated. The figure does not show the tariff cost carried by the state offtaker, or that the feed-in tariff was later replaced by other procurement. The source is the World Bank's own evaluation of operations whose results framework included this indicator, and the number is read from a PDF results table.

Egyptsince 2006still operatingbears on University-industry collaboration

Information Technology Academia Collaboration (ITAC) collaborative funded projects

Egypt's Information Technology Industry Development Agency (ITIDA) funded 249 collaborative ICT research and product projects through its ITAC national calls from 2006 to 2025, worth 191.6 million Egyptian pounds and involving 25 universities and 108 companies.

249 projects, itac collaborative funded projects, cumulative, 2006-2025. 108 companies, companies in itac collaborative funded projects, cumulative, 2006-2025. Information Technology Industry Development Agency (ITIDA), ITAC awareness brief 2025, slide 'Programs Breakdown (2006 - Present)', retrieved 2026-10-17.

The move, and what it needed

The ICT industry agency ran twice-yearly national calls that paid faculty researchers and companies to take a research idea to a prototype or product together, with a steering committee drawn from universities and industry choosing the projects.

Preconditions

An industry development agency with its own budget and a mandate over one sector
Engineering faculties with researchers able to work to product milestones
Domestic ICT and electronics firms able to absorb a prototype, which limits the model to one sector

Limits: The figures are the agency's own, read from a slide deck in PDF, and are cumulative over about 20 years with no annual series, so the rate of collaboration in any one year cannot be read from them. Not every one of the 249 projects joined a university and a firm: the agency's 2023 brief says the preliminary research track could go to a university or a company alone, while the advanced research and product tracks required a faculty member and a company. In the 2025 brief the university-led preliminary research track is marked on hold, and the open call page for Round 41 (2026) accepts only product development proposals, whose eligibility rule names a registered company and a principal investigator but no university partner, so the university side of the scheme is narrower now than its record. The scheme covers ICT only, and an ESCWA review the 2023 brief quotes calls its funding limited compared with Egypt's main science fund. The cumulative university count fell from 26 in the 2023 brief to 25 in the 2025 brief, which the source does not explain. Project counts are inputs: the brief lists products and acquisitions as examples but gives no total of sales or firms that used the results.

Learning

1 delivery linked to Adult learning participation.

Egyptsince 1992still operatingbears on Adult learning participation

National adult literacy classes

Egypt enrolled 846,730 people in adult literacy classes in 2017/2018 and 272,520 of them were made literate that year, against a target of 2,012,660, according to the Cabinet's Information and Decision Support Center.

846,730 people, people enrolled in literacy classes, 2017/2018. 272,520 people, people made literate in the year, 2017/2018. Information and Decision Support Center of the Egyptian Cabinet, Wasf Misr bil-Maalumat 2018, education section, page 24 (literacy 2017/2018), retrieved 2026-10-17.

The move, and what it needed

The state runs a national literacy authority under the education ministry that sets a yearly target of illiterate adults, opens classes with universities, ministries and associations, and examines learners to certify them as literate.

Preconditions

A literacy law that names one authority responsible for adult literacy
Partners such as universities and civil-society groups that host classes and supply teachers
A large stock of illiterate adults, about a quarter of people aged 10 and over in 2017

Limits: The three figures are read from an infographic page of a PDF bulletin, printed in thousands (846.73, 272.52 and 2,012.66 thousand people), with no table, definitions or note on the original data source. The page does not name the delivering body; the General Authority for Adult Education is the statutory body for literacy, and its 1992 start under Law 8 of 1991 comes from parliamentary press coverage, not from the cited page. Enrolment is not completion: about a third of those enrolled were counted as made literate, and delivery reached under half the year's target. Literacy classes are basic education, only part of the adult learning construct, and the count is people, not a share of adults. The figure is eight years old and no later national count was found at an open official URL. A 2018 bill in parliament proposed dissolving the authority; no law doing so was found.

Experimentation

1 delivery linked to Firms through regulatory sandboxes.

Egyptsince 2025still operatingbears on Firms through regulatory sandboxes

FRA Sandbox of the Financial Regulatory Authority

Egypt's Financial Regulatory Authority launched its regulatory sandbox for non-banking financial services in July 2025 under Law No. 5 of 2022 and Board Decree No. 163 of 2024, and by its first annual report (September 2026) had received 49 applicants, held seven projects at initial approval and moved two, GIG Egypt and Lumin Soft with Azimut, into live testing.

7 projects, sandbox projects initially approved, not yet in live testing, 2026-09. 2 projects, sandbox projects in live testing, 2026-09. Financial Regulatory Authority (FRA), FRA Sandbox Annual Report, retrieved 2026-10-16.

The move, and what it needed

The Financial Regulatory Authority used the sandbox clause in the 2022 FinTech law to set up a staged regime, application, initial approval, live testing and an exit decision for market entry, extension or rejection, and admitted competing firms to test the same use case, such as two remote motor inspection tools and two ePassport eKYC tools, side by side.

Preconditions

A statute that lets the non-bank regulator run a sandbox itself or through a delegated body
Licensed insurers, brokers and asset managers willing to partner with technology firms, since most projects are such pairs
Rules the tests can point to, such as the regulator's digital identity and eKYC decree, so a completed test has a rule to change or confirm

Limits: The regulator reports on its own programme, in a promotional annual report with no reference period stated beyond the July 2025 launch, and the figures are a PDF read (printed pages 10 and 12) with no machine-readable series. The two figures are counted separately: the report names nine projects, two of them in live testing and seven others at initial approval, so the seven appear to exclude the two live tests, but the report does not state a total. Several projects are pairs of a technology firm and a licensed insurer, broker or asset manager, so the count is of projects and not of distinct firms; EG Insurtech appears in two projects. No project has yet exited: the first live test began in July 2026 and the second was expected in September 2026, so firms completing the regime, half of what the indicator asks for, cannot be counted. Initial approval is admission to evaluation, not permission to serve customers. Only the non-banking regulator is covered. The Central Bank of Egypt has run a separate banking sandbox since 2019, with an e-KYC first cohort, and publishes no participant count, so Egypt's banking-side activity is absent from this record. Press reports in 2026 gave other application counts (38, then more than 50), so the 49 applicants figure moves with the date of the statement.

Adaptability

2 deliveries linked to Institutional responsiveness, Disaster preparedness and recovery.

Egyptsince 2015still operatingbears on Institutional responsiveness

Takaful and Karama cash transfer programme

Egypt's Ministry of Social Solidarity launched the Takaful and Karama cash transfers in early 2015 and expanded coverage from an initial 1.5 million to 4.675 million households (about 17 million people) by project close in 2024, revising the eligibility threshold and adding top-ups in response to COVID-19 and later inflation, while the cash transfer budget rose from EGP 3.5 billion in 2015 to EGP 41 billion in 2024.

4.675 million households, households receiving takaful and karama cash transfers, 2023-12. 41 EGP billion, nominal, budget allocation for cash transfers in 2024 (from egp 3.5 billion in 2015), 2024. World Bank, Implementation Completion and Results Report, Strengthening Social Safety Net Project (P155558), retrieved 2026-10-02.

The move, and what it needed

The Ministry of Social Solidarity built a proxy-means-tested registry and a cash transfer programme with World Bank financing, then used the registry's threshold and benefit levels as the levers it moved when COVID-19, inflation and devaluation hit.

Preconditions

A national social registry, which reached 11.3 million registered households, to retarget against
A payment rail through post offices and later Meeza cards that could absorb more beneficiaries without a new system
Fiscal room created by the 2014 energy subsidy reform, which the programme was launched to offset

Limits: The construct is the speed of rule and programme change, and the headline number is coverage, which is scale rather than speed. The ICR describes the COVID-19 response (a revised proxy-means-test threshold, wider coverage, Meeza cards, top-ups) in prose without dates or a count of households added by the revision, so how fast the rules moved is not measured here. The 4.675 million includes legacy Daman social pension beneficiaries absorbed into the programme by consolidation, so part of the growth is relabelling rather than new reach. The budget figure is nominal Egyptian pounds across years of high inflation and two large devaluations, so the 12-fold rise overstates the real increase. Coverage still reaches only about 28 percent of the poorest quintile. The source is the World Bank's own completion report on a project it financed with US$900 million, read from a PDF, and the counts are administrative figures reported by the ministry.

Egyptsince 2021delivered and closedbears on Disaster preparedness and recovery

COVID-19 vaccination campaign

Egypt's health authorities reported to WHO that 56,907,319 people, 56 per 100 population, had received at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose by 31 December 2023, from a first dose given on 24 January 2021, with 42,337,175 (41 per 100) completing the primary series.

56,907,319 people, people vaccinated with at least one covid-19 vaccine dose, 2023-12-31. 41 per 100 population, people who completed the primary series (last dose), 2023-12-31. World Health Organization, COVID-19 dashboard vaccination data (vaccination-data.csv), retrieved 2026-10-02.

The move, and what it needed

Egypt's health ministry ran a national COVID-19 campaign through its primary care network and mass vaccination sites and reported progress to WHO.

Preconditions

A routine immunisation programme and cold chain
A supply of doses large enough for a national campaign, however obtained
Registers good enough to count who received a second dose

Limits: The figures are Egypt's own reports to WHO (DATA_SOURCE 'REPORTING'), with no independent coverage survey behind them. Completion of the primary series reached 41 per 100 and boosters 15,217,352 people (15 per 100), so the record shows a partial delivery. The row reports 102,191,677 doses in total, 100 per 100 population. The VACCINES_USED field is empty, so the record cannot show which products were used or where the doses came from, and it evidences distribution only. The per-100 rates divide by WHO's population estimate. Vaccination is a response to one shock, not proof of general preparedness, and it is filed under the precedent of bol-covid-vaccination and ven-covid-vaccination as a judgement call because no hazard-specific delivery with an official figure was found for this country in this batch. The source is a CSV with no prose; the numbers are read from one row. The cited URL is the blob the WHO dashboard serves, the same one bol-covid-vaccination cites.

Building

1 delivery linked to Large project delivery.

Egyptsince 2009still operatingbears on Large project delivery

Ain Sokhna supercritical power plant

The Egyptian Electricity Holding Company built the 1,300 MW Ain Sokhna supercritical thermal power plant, with its first unit entering commercial operation on 3 March 2015 and the second on 4 June 2015, at a final cost of US$1,159.4 million against a base cost of US$2,139.6 million estimated at appraisal in 2009.

1,159.4 million US dollars, final cost of the ain sokhna power plant component, 2019-03. 2,139.6 million US dollars, base cost of the power plant component at appraisal (pad), excluding us$50.2 million contingencies, 2009. World Bank, Implementation Completion and Results Report, Egypt Ain Sokhna Power Project (P100047), 26 June 2019, retrieved 2026-10-02.

The move, and what it needed

The state power holding company procured a large thermal plant in a few big packages co-financed by four lenders, priced the appraisal estimate conservatively, and redeployed the savings into grid works.

Preconditions

A state utility with an engineering department experienced in large thermal plants
Co-financing from several development lenders committed before bidding
A market for supercritical boilers and turbines competitive enough to bid below estimate

Limits: The World Bank, which lent US$600 million of the cost, wrote the report. The costs are in Table 1 and para. 23 (ICR pages 8 to 9), the commercial operation dates in para. 20 of the annex on design and implementation; the report says construction was 'initially delayed' but finished 'about when expected' and gives no original target date for commercial operation, so schedule performance rests on that judgement and on the 2015 dates. The ICR does not explain why the plant cost 46 percent less than estimated; a 2013 restructuring had already cut the estimate to US$1,655.3 million, which suggests the 2009 estimate was high rather than that delivery was unusually efficient, and the savings went into a transmission component. That transmission component ran late: it was not finished at the extended loan closing of 31 December 2018 (original closing 31 December 2015), and its final cost was not known. The plant was designed to burn heavy fuel oil as well as gas, which the report says raised its cost and lowered its efficiency against a combined-cycle plant. The status rests on the report's account of operation in 2015 to 2018, not on a current source.